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增材制造 30

3D打印 8

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Enhancing thermostability of -mannanase by protective additives

LIU Zhaohui, QI Wei, WU Weina, LIU Yue, HE Zhimin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 439-442 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0062-8

摘要： The effects of some sugars (glucose, mannose, fructose, sucrose and chitosan) and polyols (glycol, glycerol and sorbitol) as protective additive on the thermostability of -mannanase were studied. The optimal reaction temperatures of -mannanase and the thermodynamics and the deactivation kinetics with or without additives were also investigated. The experimental results show that sucrose, chitosan and sorbitol could apparently improve the thermal stability of -mannanase when their concentration was kept at 2 g/L. The optimal combination additive proportion was sucrose: chitosan : sorbitol = 1 : 2 : 2 (molar ratio) using the orthogonal experimental design. The sucrose, chitosan, glycerol, sorbitol and the combination additive might increase the optimal reaction temperature from 50°C to about 60°C due to their good protection effect. The thermal deactivation curves of -mannanase accorded with the kinetic rules of first order reaction, and the corresponding kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Meanwhile, the protective mechanism of the additives against deactivation of enzyme was also discussed.

关键词： protective additive g/L orthogonal experimental combination additive corresponding

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New method for efficient control of hydrogen sulfide and methane in gravity sewers: Combination of NaOH

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1509-0

摘要：

• The combination of NaOH and nitrite was used to control harmful gas in sewers.

关键词： Sewer corrosion Sulfide control Combination treatment NaOH Nitrite

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Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status

Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第1期页码 12-23 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0685-9

摘要：

Strategies in comprehensive therapy for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer have been optimized in the last decades to improve patients’ outcomes. However, treatment options remain limited for late-stage or refractory diseases. The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of refractory GI cancer has been confirmed by randomized clinical trials. In 2017, pembrolizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as the first agent for treatment of metastatic solid tumors with mismatch repair deficiency, especially for colorectal cancer. Given the different mechanisms, oncologists have focused on determining whether ICIs-based combination strategies could achieve higher efficacy than conventional therapy alone in late-stage or even front-line treatment of GI cancer. This review discusses the current status of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with molecular targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy in GI cancer in terms of mechanisms, safety, and efficacy to provide basis for future research.

关键词： gastrointestinal cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy

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喷气发动机部件的增材设计与制造

韩品连

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第5期页码 648-652 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.017

摘要：

喷气发动机部件的增材设计（AD）和增材制造（AM）将彻底改变传统的航空航天工业。增材设计的独特性开创了喷气发动机设计和制造的新方向，比如梯度材料和微观结构。工程师已经从传统方法和技术的诸多限制中解放出来。增材制造过程最重要的特征之一是其可以确保零件的一致性，因为它始于点，继而到线和层面，直至整个部件完成。设计和制造之间的协调是空气动力学、热力学、结构整合、传热、材料开发和加工等方面取得成功的关键。工程师必须改变设计零件的方式，因为他们要从传统的“减材”方法转移到“增材”的新方法来制造零件。增材设计与增材制造设计不一样。我们需要一种新方法和新工具来协助这种新的设计和制方式。本文详细讨论了增材设计与增材制造中的需求，以及如何解决当前的问题。

关键词：增材制造增材设计喷气发动机多孔结构

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Compressive behavior and energy absorption of polymeric lattice structures made by additive manufacturing

Sheng WANG, Jun WANG, Yingjie XU, Weihong ZHANG, Jihong ZHU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第2期页码 319-327 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0549-7

摘要： Lattice structures have numerous outstanding characteristics, such as light weight, high strength, excellent shock resistance, and highly efficient heat dissipation. In this work, by combining experimental and numerical methods, we investigate the compressive behavior and energy absorption of lattices made through the stereolithography apparatus process. Four types of lattice structures are considered: (i) Uniform body-centered-cubic (U-BCC); (ii) graded body-centered-cubic (G-BCC); (iii) uniform body-centered-cubic with -axis reinforcement (U-BCCz); and (iv) graded body-centered-cubic with -axis reinforcement (G-BCCz). We conduct compressive tests on these four lattices and numerically simulate the compression process through the finite element method. Analysis results show that BCCz has higher modulus and strength than BCC. In addition, uniform lattices show better energy absorption capabilities at small compression distances, while graded lattices absorb more energy at large compression distances. The good correlation between the simulation results and the experimental phenomena demonstrates the validity and accuracy of the present investigation method.

关键词： lattice structure polymer compressive behavior additive manufacturing simulation

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Topology optimization based on reduction methods with applications to multiscale design and additive

Emmanuel TROMME, Atsushi KAWAMOTO, James K. GUEST

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第1期页码 151-165 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0564-8

摘要： Advanced manufacturing processes such as additive manufacturing offer now the capability to control material placement at unprecedented length scales and thereby dramatically open up the design space. This includes the considerations of new component topologies as well as the architecture of material within a topology offering new paths to creating lighter and more efficient structures. Topology optimization is an ideal tool for navigating this multiscale design problem and leveraging the capabilities of advanced manufacturing technologies. However, the resulting design problem is computationally challenging as very fine discretizations are needed to capture all micro-structural details. In this paper, a method based on reduction techniques is proposed to perform efficiently topology optimization at multiple scales. This method solves the design problem without length scale separation, i.e., without iterating between the two scales. Ergo, connectivity between space-varying micro-structures is naturally ensured. Several design problems for various types of micro-structural periodicity are performed to illustrate the method, including applications to infill patterns in additive manufacturing.

关键词： multiscale topology optimization micro-structure additive manufacturing reduction techniques substructuring static condensation super-element

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Surface accuracy optimization of mechanical parts with multiple circular holes for additive manufacturing

Jinghua XU, Hongsheng SHENG, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN, Jinlian DENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第1期页码 133-150 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0610-6

摘要： Surface accuracy directly affects the surface quality and performance of mechanical parts. Circular hole, especially spatial non-planar hole set is the typical feature and working surface of mechanical parts. Compared with traditional machining methods, additive manufacturing (AM) technology can decrease the surface accuracy errors of circular holes during fabrication. However, an accuracy error may still exist on the surface of circular holes fabricated by AM due to the influence of staircase effect. This study proposes a surface accuracy optimization approach for mechanical parts with multiple circular holes for AM based on triangular fuzzy number (TFN). First, the feature lines on the manifold mesh are extracted using the dihedral angle method and normal tensor voting to detect the circular holes. Second, the optimal AM part build orientation is determined using the genetic algorithm to optimize the surface accuracy of the circular holes by minimizing the weighted volumetric error of the part. Third, the corresponding weights of the circular holes are calculated with the TFN analytic hierarchy process in accordance with the surface accuracy requirements. Lastly, an improved adaptive slicing algorithm is utilized to reduce the entire build time while maintaining the forming surface accuracy of the circular holes using digital twins via virtual printing. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is experimentally validated using two mechanical models.

关键词： surface accuracy optimization multiple circular holes additive manufacturing (AM) part build orientation triangular fuzzy number (TFN) digital twins

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Manufacturing cost constrained topology optimization for additive manufacturing

Jikai LIU, Qian CHEN, Xuan LIANG, Albert C. TO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第2期页码 213-221 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0536-z

摘要： This paper presents a manufacturing cost constrained topology optimization algorithm considering the laser powder bed additive manufacturing process. Topology optimization for additive manufacturing was recently extensively studied, and many related topics have been addressed. However, metal additive manufacturing is an expensive process, and the high manufacturing cost severely hinders the widespread use of this technology. Therefore, the proposed algorithm in this research would provide an opportunity to balance the manufacturing cost while pursuing the superior structural performance through topology optimization. Technically, the additive manufacturing cost model for laser powder bed-based process is established in this paper and real data is collected to support this model. Then, this cost model is transformed into a level set function-based expression, which is integrated into the level set topology optimization problem as a constraint. Therefore, by properly developing the sensitivity result, the metallic additive manufacturing part can be optimized with strictly constrained manufacturing cost. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved by numerical design examples.

关键词： topology optimization manufacturing cost additive manufacturing powder bed

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Removal of virus aerosols by the combination of filtration and UV-C irradiation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1627-y

摘要：

● The removal of virus aerosols by filtration and UV-C irradiation was proposed.

关键词： Filtration system UV-C irradiation Virus aerosol Public health COVID-19

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基于评价方法属性层次的组合评价研究

陈衍泰,陈国宏,李美娟

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第8期页码 56-59

摘要：

针对现存的多种单一综合评价方法机理、属性层次相异引起的对同一个对象评价结论不相容的问题，提出一种新的组合评价方法。定义了“具有相容性”与“特殊属性”的两类综合评价方法；建立了两个组合评价模型，分别将这两个属性层次方法所得的不一致的评价值与排序结论进行组合；在此基础上提出“复组合”的概念。并应用此模型对我国欠发达地区15个城市的综合实力进行评价，使得系统评价更具有科学性和实用性，为欠发达地区开发战略制订宏观经济政策提供实证基础。

关键词：评价方法的属性层次组合模型复组合

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Process development for green part printing using binder jetting additive manufacturing

Hadi MIYANAJI, Morgan ORTH, Junaid Muhammad AKBAR, Li YANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第4期页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0508-8

摘要：

Originally developed decades ago, the binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJ-AM) process possesses various advantages compared to other additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as broad material compatibility and technological expandability. However, the adoption of BJ-AM has been limited by the lack of knowledge with the fundamental understanding of the process principles and characteristics, as well as the relatively few systematic design guideline that are available. In this work, the process design considerations for BJ-AM in green part fabrication were discussed in detail in order to provide a comprehensive perspective of the design for additive manufacturing for the process. Various process factors, including binder saturation, in-process drying, powder spreading, powder feedstock characteristics, binder characteristics and post-process curing, could significantly affect the printing quality of the green parts such as geometrical accuracy and part integrity. For powder feedstock with low flowability, even though process parameters could be optimized to partially offset the printing feasibility issue, the qualities of the green parts will be intrinsically limited due to the existence of large internal voids that are inaccessible to the binder. In addition, during the process development, the balanced combination between the saturation level and in-process drying is of critical importance in the quality control of the green parts.

关键词： binder jetting additive manufacturing green part process optimization process development

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增材制造专题引言

增材制造专题编委会

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第5期 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.027

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An identification method for enclosed voids restriction in manufacturability design for additive manufacturing

Shutian LIU,Quhao LI,Wenjiong CHEN,Liyong TONG,Gengdong CHENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第2期页码 126-137 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0340-3

摘要：

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, such as selective laser sintering (SLS) and fused deposition modeling (FDM), have become the powerful tools for direct manufacturing of complex parts. This breakthrough in manufacturing technology makes the fabrication of new geometrical features and multiple materials possible. Past researches on designs and design methods often focused on how to obtain desired functional performance of the structures or parts, specific manufacturing capabilities as well as manufacturing constraints of AM were neglected. However, the inherent constraints in AM processes should be taken into account in design process. In this paper, the enclosed voids, one type of manufacturing constraints of AM, are investigated. In mathematics, enclosed voids restriction expressed as the solid structure is simply-connected. We propose an equivalent description of simply-connected constraint for avoiding enclosed voids in structures, named as virtual temperature method (VTM). In this method, suppose that the voids in structure are filled with a virtual heating material with high heat conductivity and solid areas are filled with another virtual material with low heat conductivity. Once the enclosed voids exist in structure, the maximum temperature value of structure will be very high. Based upon this method, the simply-connected constraint is equivalent to maximum temperature constraint. And this method can be easily used to formulate the simply-connected constraint in topology optimization. The effectiveness of this description method is illustrated by several examples. Based upon topology optimization, an example of 3D cantilever beam is used to illustrate the trade-off between manufacturability and functionality. Moreover, the three optimized structures are fabricated by FDM technology to indicate further the necessity of considering the simply-connected constraint in design phase for AM.

关键词： additive manufacturing topology optimization manufacturability constraints design for additive manufacturing simply-connected constraint

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Adsorption in combination with ozonation for the treatment of textile waste water: a critical review

Shraddha Khamparia,Dipika Kaur Jaspal

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0899-5

摘要： A combination of adsorption with ozonation proved best for dye removal. Toxicity of the textile effluents can be remarkably reduced by combined method. Wide scope for choice of natural materials for treatment of textile dyes. Intrusion of synthetic textile dyes in the ecosystem has been recognized as a serious issue worldwide. The effluents generated from textiles contain large amount of recalcitrant unfixed dyes which are regarded as emerging contaminants in the field of waste water study. Removal of various toxic dyes often includes diverse and complex set of physico-chemical, biological and advanced oxidation processes adopted for treatment. Adsorption in itself is a well-known technique utilized for treatment of textile effluents using a variety of adsorbents. In addition, ozonation deals with effective removal of dyes using high oxidising power of ozone. The review summarizes dye removal study by a combination of ozonation and adsorption methods. Also, to acquire an effective interpretation of this combined approach of treating wastewater, a thorough study has been made which is deliberated here. Results asserts that, with the combined ability of ozone and a catalyst/adsorbent, there is high possibility of total elimination of dyes from waste water. Several synthetically prepared materials have been used along with few natural materials during the combined treatment. However, considering practical applicability, some areas were identified during the study where work needs to be done for effective implementation of the combined treatment.

关键词： Adsorption Ozonation Catalytic Ozonation Textile dyes Mineralization

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新型细水雾添加剂成分对灭火性能影响研究

纪欢乐,张青松,吴斌斌,梁天水

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第11期页码 82-87

摘要：

为研究自制细水雾添加剂中主要成分对灭火性能的影响，在开放空间，进行了不同工作压力、不同浓度、不同燃料条件下含添加剂细水雾的灭火研究，实验获取了灭火时间、火焰形态、火焰温度等灭火参数。通过对柴油和汽油两种不同燃料的灭火实验发现，使用含添加剂的细水雾对低沸点、高蒸发速率的汽油灭火效果同样较好。根据加入不同浓度的氟表面活性剂的实验结果比照发现，氟表面活性剂是自制添加剂中起到主要提升灭火性能作用的物质，它通过改变细水雾物理性质使加入自制添加剂的细水雾的灭火性能显著提高。对比调整自制添加剂各物质含量的实验数据，进一步确定添加剂各成分最佳灭火性能浓度。

关键词：细水雾添加剂灭火性能添加剂成分灭火机理